Monday 11 July 2011

pengajaran dan pembelajaran

tips Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran

1. Meeting a class for the first time
  •  introduce yourself - spell your name out on the blackboard if necessary
  • state clearly what you expect of tour pupils
  • leran your pupils' names as quickly as you can
  • help pupils to learn each others' names
  • help pupils to get to know each other
  • shoe your pupils where they're heading
  • make sure your pupils know they will be assessed
  • find out what pupils already know
  • explain which resources are available for pupils to use
  • react firmly if any of your rules of behaviour are transgressed
2.   Geeting attention and settling a class down

  •  try doing noting first - that is stand there, very still, absolutely quiet
  • don't shout (yet)
  • take advantage of human curiosity
  • drop a non- attender in it- ask question to those who ara paying attntion and already listening , but end with those has not been paying attention
  • have ways of making pupils listen
  • people love praise
  • begin with a task
  • select some targets
  • don't take chaos as a personal affront
  • few want to be left out of some fun
3. Avioding disruption in your classroom
  • establish a few, clear rules for behaviour in your class
  • reward good behaviour immediately with positive feedback
  • if a particular pupils is causing problems, immediately remove this pupil to another part of the room
  • investigate the causes of bad behaviour
  • provide ' cooling -off' time
  • have ready something interesting to give the class to do

4. coping with emotional students
- accept the emotion
- find out what's behind the emotion
- help pupils in their work
- aviod alienating pupils affected by emotion
- help pupils identify the source of their emotion
- helps pupils see that emotions are natural
- minimize feelingsof weekness

5. helping pupils to be creative
- use a broad task
- accept innovation & individuality
- ask open-ended question
- allow time for student to experiment, make mistakes & explore
- encourage student to use rough work books
- use brainstorming
- encourage divergent thinking outcomes rather convergent outcomes
- encourage cooperative learning & discussions

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